模具外文翻譯-模具熱處理及其導(dǎo)向平行設(shè)計(jì)【中文3035字】【PDF+中文WORD】,中文3035字,PDF+中文WORD,模具,外文,翻譯,熱處理,及其,導(dǎo)向,平行,設(shè)計(jì),中文,3035,PDF,WORD Heat Treatment of Die and Mould OrientedConcurrent DesignLI Xiong,ZHANG Hong-bing,RUAN Xueyu,LUOZhonghua,ZHANG YanAbstract:Many disadvantages exist in the traditional die design method whichbelongs to serial pattern.It is well known that heat treatment is highlyimportant to the dies.A new idea of concurrent design for heat treatmentprocess of die and mould was developed in order to overcome the existentshortcomings of heat treatment process.Heat treatment CAD/CAE wasintegrated with concurrent circumstance and the relevant model was built.These investigations can remarkably improve efficiency,reduce cost andensure quality of R and D for products.Key words:die design;heat treatment;mouldTraditional die and mould design,mainly by experience or semiexperience，isisolated from manufacturing process.Before the design is finalized，the scheme of dieand mould is usually modified time and again，thus some disadvantages come intobeing,such as long development period,high cost and uncertain practical effect.Due tostrong desires for precision,service life,development period and cost,modern die andmould should be designed and manufactured perfectly.Therefore more and moreadvanced technologies and innovations have been applied,for example,concurrentengineering,agile manufacturing virtual manufacturing,collaborative design,etc.Heat treatment of die and mould is as important as design,manufacture andassembly because it has a vital effect on manufacture，assembly and service lifeDesign and manufacture of die and mould have progressed rapidly，but heat treatmentlagged seriously behind themAs die and mould industry develops，heat treatmentmust ensure die and mould there are good state of manufacture，assembly andwearresistant properties by request.Impertinent heat treatment can influence dieand mould manufacturing such as overhard andsoft and assemblyTraditionallythe heat treatment process was made out according to the methods and propertiesbrought forward by designerThis could make the designers of die and mould andheat treatment diverge from each other，for the designers of die and mould could notfully realize heat treatment process and materials properties，and contrarily thedesigners rarely understood the service environment and designing thought.Thesedivergences will impact the progress of die and mould to a great extent.Accordingly，if the process design of heat treatment is considered in the early designing stage，theaims of shortening development period，reducing cost and stabilizing quality will beachieved and the sublimation of development pattern from serial to concurrent will berealizedConcurrent engineering takes computer integration system as a carrier,at the verystart subsequent each stage and factors have been considered such as manufacturing，heat treating，properties and so forth in order to avoid the errorThe concurrentpattern has dismissed the defect of serial pattern,which bring about a revolutionagainst serial patternIn the present work the heat treatment was integrated into the concurrentcircumstance of the die and mould development，and the systemic and profoundresearch was performed1Heat Treatment Under Concurrent CircumstanceThe concurrent pattern differs ultimately from the serial pattern(see Fig1).Withregard to serial pattern，the designers mostly consider the structure and function of dieand mould，yet hardly consider the consequent process，so that the former mistakesare easily spread backwards Meanwhile，the design department rarely communicateswith the assembling，cost accounting and sales departments These problems certainlywill influence the development progress of die and mould and the market foregroundWhereas in the concurrent pattern，the relations among departments are close，therelated departments all take part in the development progress of die and mould andhave close intercommunion with purchasersThis is propitious to elimination of theconflicts between departments，increase the efficiency and reduce the costHeat treatment process in the concurrent circumstance is made out not afterblueprint and workpiece taken but during die and mould designingIn this way，it isfavorable to optimizing the heat treatment process and making full use of the potentialof the materials2Integration of Heat Treatment CAD CAE for Die andMouldIt can be seen from Fig 2 that the process design and simulation of heattreatment are the core of integration frame After information input via product designmodule and heat treatment process generated via heat treatment CAD and heattreatment CAE module will automatically divide the mesh for parts drawing，simulation temperature field microstructure analysis after heattreatment and thedefect of possible emerging(such as overheat,over burning)，and then the heattreatment process is judged if the optimization is made according to the resultreappeared by stereoscopic vision technologyMoreover tool and clamping apparatusCAD and CAM are integrated into this systemThe concurrent engineering based integration frame can share information withother branchThat makes for optimizing the heat treatment process and ensuring theprocess sound2.1 3-D model and stereoscopic vision technology for heattreatmentThe problems about materials，structure and size for die and mould can bediscovered as soon as possible by 3-D model for heat treatment based on the shape ofdie and mould Modeling heating condition and phase transformation condition for dieand mould during heat treatment are workable，because it has been broken through forthe calculation of phase transformation thermodynamics，phase transformationkinetics，phase stress,thermal stress，heat transfer，hydrokinetics etcFor example，3-D heatconducting algorithm models for local heating complicated impression andasymmetric die and mould，and M ARC software models for microstructuretransformation was usedComputer can present the informations of temperature，microstructure and stress at arbitrary time and display the entire transformationprocedure in the form of 3-D by coupling temperature field,microstructure field andstress fieldIf the property can be coupled,various partial properties can be predictedby computer2.2 Heat treatment process designDue to the special requests for strength，hardness，surface roughness anddistortion during heat treatment for die and mould，the parameters includingquenching medium type，quenching temperature and tempering temperature and time，must be properly selected，and whether using surface quenching or chemical heattreatment the parameters must be rightly determinedIt is difficult to determine theparameters by computer fullySince computer technology develops quickly in recentdecades,the difficulty with largescale calculation has been overcome By simulatingand weighing the property，the cost and the required period after heat treatmentit isnot difficult to optimize the heat treatment process2.3 Data base for heat treatmentAheat treatment database is described in Fig3The database is the foundationof making out heat treatment processGenerally，heat treatment database is dividedinto materials database and process databaseIt is an inexorable trend to predict theproperty by materials and processAlthough it is difficult to establish a propertydatabase，it is necessary to establish the database by a series of testsThe materialsdatabase includes steel grades,chemical compositions，properties and home andabroad grades parallel tables The process database includes heat treatment criterions，classes，heat preservation time and cooling velocityBased on the database，heattreatment process can be created by inferring from rules2.4 Tool and equipment for heat treatmentAfter heat treatment process is determined，tool and equipment CADCAEsystem transfers the information about design and manufacture to the numericalcontrol device Through rapid tooling prototype，the reliability of tool and theclamping apparatus can be judgedThe whole procedure is transferred by network，in which there is no manmade interference3 Key Technique3.1 Coupling of temperature，microstructure，stress andpropertyHeat treatment procedure is a procedure of temperature-microstructurestressinteractionThe three factors can all influence the property(see Fig4)Duringheating and cooling，hot stress and transformation will come into being whenmicrostructurechanges.Transformationtemperature-microstructureandtemperaturemicrostructureand stress-property interact on each other Research onthe interaction of the four factors has been greatly developed,but the universalmathematic model has not been built Many models fit the test nicely，but they cannotbe put into practiceDifficulties with most of models are solved in analytic solution，and numerical method is employed so that the inaccuracy of calculation existsEven so，comparing experience method with qualitative analysis，heat treatmentsimulation by computer makes great progress3.2 Establishment and integration of modelsThe development procedure for die and mould involves design,manufacture，heattreatment，assembly，maintenance and so onThey should have own database andmode1They are in series with each other by the entityrelation modelThroughestablishing and employing dynamic inference mechanism，the aim of optimizingdesign can be achievedThe relation between product model and other models wasbuiltThe product model will change in case the cell model changesIn fact，itbelongs to the relation of data with die and mouldAfter heat treatment model isintegrated into the system，it is no more an isolated unit but a member which is closeto other models in the systemAfter searching，calculating and reasoning from theheat treatment database,procedure for heat treatment，which is restricted by geometricmodel,manufacture model for die and mould and by cost and property，is obtainedIf the restriction is disobeyed，the system will send out the interpretative warningAll design cells are connected by communication network3.3 Management and harmony among membersThe complexity of die and mould requires closely cooperating among itemgroupsBecause each member is short of global consideration for die and moulddevelopment，they need to be managed and harmonizedFirstly,each item groupshould define its own control condition and resource requested,and learn of therequest of up-and-down working procedure in order to avoid conflictSecondly，development plan should be made out and monitor mechanism should be establishedThe obstruction can be duly excluded in case the development is hinderedAgile management and harmony redound to communicating information，increasing efficiency，and reducing redundancy Meanwhile it is beneficial forexciting creativity，clearing conflict and making the best of resource4 Conclusions(1)Heat treatment CADCAE has been integrated into concurrent design fordie and mould and heat treatment is graphed,which can increase efficiency，easilydiscover problems and clear conflicts(2)Die and mould development is performed on the same platformWhen theheat treatment process is made out，designers can obtain correlative information andtransfer self-information to other design departments on the platform(3)Making out correct development schedule and adjusting it in time canenormously shorten the development period and reduce costReferences：1 ZHOU Xiong-hui，PENG Ying-hongThe Theory and Technique of Modern Dieand Mould Design and ManufactureMShanghai：Shanghai Jiaotong UniversityPress 2000(in Chinese)2 Kang M，Park&Computer Integrated Mold ManufacturingJInt J ComputerIntegrated Manufacturing，1995，5：229-2393 Yau H T，Meno C HConcurrent Process Planning for Finishing Milling andDimensional Inspection of Sculptured Surface in Die and Mould ManufacturingJInt J Product Research，1993，31(11)：270927254 LI Xiang，ZHOU Xiong-hui，RUAN Xue-yuApplication of Injection MoldCollaborative Manufacturing System JJournaI of Shanghai Jiaotong University，2000，35(4)：1391-13945 Kuzman K，Nardin B，Kovae M,et a1The Integration of Rapid Prototyping andCAE in Mould Manufacturing JJ Materials Processing Technology，2001，111：2792856 LI Xiong，ZHANG Hongbing，RUAN Xue-yu，et a1Heat Treatment ProcessDesign Oriented Based on Concurrent EngineeringJ Journal of Iron and SteelResearch，2002，14(4)：2629文獻(xiàn)出處：LI Xiong,ZHANG Hong-bing,RUAN Xueyu,LUO Zhonghua,ZHANG Yan.Heat Treatmentof Die and Mould Oriented Concurrent DesignJ.Journal of Iron and Steel Research，2006,13(1):40-43，74