,單擊此處編輯母版標題樣式,單擊此處編輯母版文本樣式,第二級,第三級,第四級,第五級,*,單擊此處編輯母版標題樣式,單擊此處編輯母版文本樣式,第二級,第三級,第四級,第五級,*,大學英語四級仔細閱讀,大學英語四級仔細閱讀,大學英語四級閱讀能力：,大學英語四級閱讀理解通過提供篇章，以多,項選擇、詞義理解、對錯分析和要點填空等題型所,要考查的，事實上是一種利用英語獲取信息、接受或,評價別人的觀點并分析相關問題的綜合能力。而要具有,這種綜合能力，又必須具有以下幾個方面的能力。,1.,掌握基本詞匯,2.,熟悉語法結構,3.,了解篇章結構,4.,善于分析、判斷和推理,大學英語四級閱讀能力：,仔細閱讀,簡介：,1.,測試閱讀理解的,準確度,和,速度,2.,兩篇短文，每篇后有五個多項選擇題，,共,10,題。,3.,滿分為,20,分,仔細閱讀 簡介：,三個特點,:,1.,題材多樣化,主要兩大類,:,人文社會,+,科技,2.,體裁以說明和議論為主,針對其不同體裁，通讀時應該關注不同的考,點：,對于說明文而言，注意重要數據和事實,;,對于議論文而言，注意作者的結論和觀,點,以及作者對其他觀點的態(tài)度。,三個特點:,3.,句式結構復雜,多重復合句、多重并列句、被動句、,插入成分、省略句、倒裝句、雙重,否定句,被廣泛使用，這樣就給閱讀,增加了難度。,題型要求,:,1.,語言,難度中等,的、一般性題材的文章,:,要求考生能,掌握中心大意以及說明中心大意的,事實和細節(jié)，并能進行一定的分析、推理和判,斷，領會作者的觀點和態(tài)度，閱讀速度達到每,分鐘,70,詞。,題型要求:,2.,在閱讀篇幅較長、,難度略低,、生詞不超,過總次數,3,的材料時，能掌握中心大意，,抓住主要事實和有關細節(jié)，閱讀速度達到每,分鐘,100,詞。,3.,多項選擇題型包括,細節(jié)題、詞義題、結構辨,析題、邏輯分析題、主旨題、段落主旨題、,推斷題、觀點態(tài)度題、指代題和綜合題,等。,解題步驟,:,1.,第一步,：,速讀原文做路標,1),首先要速讀文章,注意讀,首段,，,各段首句,和,全文末句,。,2),注意兩個簡易方法,:,“,有所不為、避難就易,”,解題步驟:,有所不為,:,看題干,抓考點,讀文章,忽略無效信息,.,避難就易,:,如果生僻詞和難句不牽涉到后面的題目,可以,跳過不看,.,2.,第二步,：,明確題型找考點,3.,第三步,：,重疊原文定答案,題型分析及解題思路,1.,細節(jié)題,根據短文提供的信息和事實進行提問,選擇的依據是短文本身提供的信息和,事實本身。,When was the pyramid discovered?,Where did Franklin spend most of his childhood?,What was discovered by the scientists when they entered the cemetery?,題型分析及解題思路,How many types of music are referred,to in the passage?,How do the students in USA react to such mistreatment?,According to the passage,who has made it possible for,?,特點：無須推理和判斷，找出相關內容的位置，就能夠給出正確的答案。,How many types of music are,2.,詞義題,新四級考試取消了詞匯的專門考查，而在閱讀中增加了篇章詞匯理解,What does,“”,mean in paragraph 1?,To which of the following is the phrase,“”,in line 11 closest in meaning?,2.詞義題,猜測詞義的方法,1,）上下文,在有生僻詞出現時，作者往往在上下文，,尤其是在下文進行進一步的解釋或下定義，,或用一個較簡單的單詞來代替該詞。,1,）,John is always,punctual,that is,every day he comes here on time.,猜測詞義的方法,從,on time,我們可以推測出,punctual,是,“,守時，,準時,”,之義。,2)Select a,periodical,from among the,following:,Playboys,Time,Reader,s Digest,or,Seventeen,.,從,花花公子,、,時代,、,讀者文摘,等,名稱中可判斷出,periodical,是雜志的意思。,英語四級仔細閱讀技巧及真題ppt課件,2,）對比關系,利用相鄰兩句意義或結構上的對比來猜測詞義。,The modest receive benefit,while the,conceited,reap failure.,謙受益，滿招損。,從,while,可知前后兩部分構成對比關系。可推出,conceited,和,modest,意思相反，,“,驕傲自滿的,”,。,3,）構詞法,有些單詞可通過前綴、后綴、合成等形式來判斷其意思。英語中大量的詞匯是通過在詞根前后加前綴、后綴而構成的。,前綴通常改變或加強詞的意義，后綴則改變詞的類別。,semicircle semi-:half,（半圓）,waterproof,（防水的）,Psy war:psychological war(,心里戰(zhàn),),3）構詞法,4,）常識經驗,The,cacophonous,rattling made Maria cover her ears.,一種使人掩耳的聲音一定是令人不快的刺耳之聲。,cacophonous,：發(fā)音不和諧的，音調粗的,1.Bingley was endeared to Darcy by the easiness,openness,ductility,of his temper.,A.roughness B.suppleness C.emptiness,2.He was at the same time,haughty,reserved,and,fastidious,and his manners,though well bred,were not inviting.,A.pride B.conceit C.disdainful,A.agreeable B.exacting C.lovely,3.For though,elated,by his rank,it did not render him,supercilious,.,A.depressed B.overwhelmed C.cheered,A.haughty B.inferior C.lower,1.Bingley was endeared to Dar,3.,結構辨析題,要求考生能正確理解一些,長句,或具有特殊,語法意義的句子，例如,虛擬語氣、強調句,等。,The underlined sentence in paragraph 2 means,?,4.,邏輯分析題,考查考生是否理解短文的成文脈絡、論證或說明的方法、銜接連貫的手段。,常就代詞的指代對象提問：,What does,“,it,”,in line 8 refer to?,By this conclusion the author refers to,_.,英語四級仔細閱讀技巧及真題ppt課件,5.,主旨題,測試考生對于整篇短文的理解能力，可以問短文的,標題、主要內容、主題、寫作的意圖,等等。例如：,Which of the following can be the title of this passage?,What is this passage mainly about?,Which of the following is most closely related to the subject discussed in the passage?,5.主旨題,主旨題也包括段落主旨題，,例如：,In which paragraph does the author give,the reason why people tend to stay with,their TV these days?,In paragraph 3,the author intends to convince the applicants of _.,6.,推斷題,讀者應該,根據作者的意思，通過歸納,或演繹，作出作者希望讀者得出的判斷,。,推理題的提問方法很多，例如：,What is probably the main reason that,?,What does the passage imply by,?,Which of the following can be inferred from the passage about,?,6.推斷題,Which of the following can be most probably inferred from the passage?,The passage is probably taken from a book about _.,The passage suggests that _.,Which of the following can,7.,觀點態(tài)度題,考查學生對于作者的態(tài)度的把握，,有的文章作者直接通過,“,I think,”,、,“,my opinion is that,”,等措辭表明立場，而有的作者則不在字面上直接表達，讀者需要通過對于篇章脈絡的理解和情態(tài)動詞的用法來推導作者的態(tài)度。下面是一些常見的觀點態(tài)度題：,7.觀點態(tài)度題,What is the author,s opinion of,pre-marital agreement?,What does the author think of pre-marital agreement?,To what degree does the author support pre-marital agreement?,What is the author,s attitude towards the new Act enforced by the Congress?,英語四級仔細閱讀技巧及真題ppt課件,8.,指代題,實際上屬于,結構理解,，但是這個結構,可能是句子結構，也可能是段落結構甚至,是全篇的結構。因為指代考查讀者是否能,明確代詞在文中的指向。代詞可能指的就,是本句的一部分，也可能是上文的內容。如：,8.指代題,Many people may declare they will,not look down upon the children from,such families,but who will believe it?,其中,“,it,”,指代的是本句的內容,“,Many people,may declare they will not look down upon the children from such families,”,，而,“,such families,”,指代的則應該是上文的內容。,針對指代的問題常常是：,Many people may declare they w,What does,“,these suggestions,”,（,in Para.3,）,refer to?,“,Such families,”,in Paragraph 4 are the families that _.,In Paragraph 3,“,these issues,”,include the following except _.,What does“these suggestions”,9.,綜合題,閱讀理解中還常常出現綜合考查全篇內容的題目，考查讀者是否同時領悟了主題、段落甚至是細節(jié)。常見的