國際商務(wù)英語寫作Chapter-8國際商務(wù)合同課件
,單擊此處編輯母版標(biāo)題樣式,單擊此處編輯母版文本樣式,第二級,第三級,第四級,第五級,*,*,第八章,國際商務(wù)合同,國際商務(wù)合同(,1,),合同是法律文本,經(jīng)有關(guān)方簽字蓋章后具有法律效力。任何法律語言最大的特征就是語言滴水不漏,十分嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)。商務(wù)英語合同寫作者必須具備一定的法律知識、掌握較好的商務(wù)英語合同語言素材,尤其是涉及到合同的法律術(shù)語以及有關(guān)國際商務(wù)專業(yè)的術(shù)語。,國際商務(wù)合同(,2,),此外,合同有一定的固定格式,有的還有格式化的合同,因此,商務(wù)英語寫者需要熟讀一些國際商務(wù)合同并且能背出一些具有代表性的商務(wù)英語合同。這對國際商務(wù)英語合同寫作很有幫助。,國際商務(wù)合同(,3,),國際商務(wù)合同概況及種類,:,依據(jù)中華人民共和國民法通則第,85,條,,“,合同是當(dāng)事人之間設(shè)立、變更、終止民事關(guān)系的協(xié)議,”,(,A contract shall be an agreement whereby the parties establish,change or terminate their civil relationship,),;,中華人民共和國合同法第,2,條:,“,合同是平等主體的自然人、法人、其他組織之間設(shè)立、變更、終止民事權(quán)利義務(wù)關(guān)系的協(xié)議,”,。,國際商務(wù)合同(,5,),(,1,)合同是法律行為。當(dāng)事人之間為實(shí)現(xiàn)一定的目的,產(chǎn)生了一定的權(quán)利義務(wù)關(guān)系。這種權(quán)利義務(wù)關(guān)系受國家強(qiáng)制力的保護(hù),任何一方不履行合同都要承擔(dān)法律責(zé)任。,(,2,)合同是合法的法律行為。當(dāng)事人按照法律規(guī)范的要求達(dá)成協(xié)議,產(chǎn)生雙方所預(yù)期的法律后果,它是一種合法行為,因而受國家所承認(rèn)和保護(hù)。,(,3,)合同是雙方或多方當(dāng)事人之間關(guān)于設(shè)立、變更、終止民事權(quán)利義務(wù)關(guān)系的協(xié)議。所以,并非當(dāng)事人之間所產(chǎn)生的任何協(xié)議都是合同。,國際商務(wù)合同(,6,),國際商務(wù)合同從貿(mào)易方式上分主要有:,(,1,),國際貨物銷售合同(,Contracts for,International Sales of Goods,),(,2,),國際技術(shù)轉(zhuǎn)讓合同(,Contracts for,International Technology Transfer,),(,3,),中外合資經(jīng)營企業(yè)合同,(Contracts for,Sino-foreign Joint Ventures),(,4,),中外合作經(jīng)營企業(yè)合同,(,(,Contracts for Sino-foreign Contractual Joint Ventures,),國際商務(wù)合同(,7,),(,5,),國際工程承包合同(,Contracts for International,Engineering Projects,),(,6,),補(bǔ)償貿(mào)易合同,(,Contracts for Compensation,Trade,),(,7,),中外合作開采自然資源合同,(Contracts for,Sino-foreign Cooperative Development of Natural,Resources),(,8,),涉外勞務(wù)合同,(Contracts for Foreign Labour,Service),國際商務(wù)合同(,9,),商務(wù)英語合同句型:,Be to do,句型,Be+to+,不定式句型常用于表示安排、命令或注定要發(fā)生的將來的事情。商務(wù)英語合同中多用其來表示雙方就合同的某項(xiàng)內(nèi)容所作的安排。例如:,Insurance is to be covered by the seller for 110%of invoice value against FPA and WR.,(賣方應(yīng)按發(fā)票金額,110%,投報(bào)平安險(xiǎn)與戰(zhàn)爭險(xiǎn)。),國際商務(wù)合同(,10,),倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)表示條件與假設(shè),倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)在商務(wù)合同中并不常用。但在表述假設(shè)條件時(shí),經(jīng)常使用,“should+,主語,+,謂語動(dòng)詞”這一倒裝結(jié)構(gòu),顯示了正式文體特征。例如:,國際商務(wù)合同(,12,),被動(dòng)語態(tài),涉及到包裝要求、保險(xiǎn)險(xiǎn)別、承擔(dān)責(zé)任等內(nèi)容的表述時(shí),被動(dòng)語態(tài)的使用能起到起特有的客觀效果,它能增加內(nèi)容的客觀性和確定性,給人以不可更改的感覺。例如:,Unless the parties have agreed upon the place where the arbitration is to be held,such place shall be determined by the arbitral tribunal,having regard to the circumstances of the arbitration.,(除非當(dāng)事人已約定舉行仲裁的地點(diǎn),該地點(diǎn)應(yīng)由仲裁庭考慮仲裁的情況而予以確定。),國際商務(wù)合同(,14,),Full set of clean“on board”ocean bills of lading made out to order and blank endorsed,one of which being accomplished,the others stand,null and void,.,作成空白抬頭、空白背書的全套已裝船的清潔提單,其中一份一旦完成提貨,其余各份均告失效。,國際商務(wù)合同(,15,),If,結(jié)構(gòu),例如:,If the Buyer fails to pay within the stipulated period of time,the Seller can,國際商務(wù)合同(,17,),屬性的認(rèn)定,屬性的認(rèn)定是指對合同雙方以外的行為或事件應(yīng)具有的特征加以規(guī)定,一般指雙方就相關(guān)條款達(dá)成的一致。例如:,國際商務(wù)合同(,18,),This contract,shall,become effective upon and from the date on which it is signed(,合同自簽署之日起生效。,),In case by M/T or T/T:Payment,shall,be effected within seven days after receipt of the shipping documents stipulated under Clause 10 of this contract,(如采用信匯或電匯方式付款,則必須在收到本合同第,10,款中規(guī)定的裝運(yùn)單據(jù)后進(jìn)行。),國際商務(wù)合同(,19,),應(yīng)盡的義務(wù),如句中的主語為訂立合同的一方,一般來說,可以用,shall,來表達(dá)該方所必須履行的義務(wù)。例如:,In the event of nonconformity,the Seller,shall,promptly repair or replace such goods or supply the quantity that is deficient.(,如發(fā)生不一致,賣方應(yīng)立即修理或更換這些貨物或補(bǔ)足數(shù)量。,),國際商務(wù)合同(,20,),應(yīng)承擔(dān)的責(zé)任,如要表示依據(jù)合同某方應(yīng)該承擔(dān)的責(zé)任,可用,“,主語,+shall+,動(dòng)詞,”,結(jié)構(gòu)。例如:,The Sellers,shall,be liable for any rust,damage and loss attributed to inadequate packing by the sellers.,(賣方應(yīng)對其不良包裝而導(dǎo)致的生銹、損失及滅失負(fù)責(zé)。),國際商務(wù)合同(,21,),Subject:,商務(wù)合同中常用到,be subject to,,它的意思是,be dependent on sth.in order to be completed or agreed,,相當(dāng)于,“,取決于,”,和,“,視,而定,”,。例如:,This draft contract is subject to your approval.,(本合同草稿須征得你批準(zhǔn)。),Subject to your agreement,well proceed.,(如你方同意,我就進(jìn)行工作。),國際商務(wù)合同(,23,),合成副詞,合成副詞是指由,here,there,where,分別加上常用介詞,by,in,after,from,of,under,with,to,等構(gòu)成,這種副詞的使用使合同文體顯得古板正式,并使其更加簡潔。,例如:,國際商務(wù)合同(,24,),Now,therefore,in consideration of the premises,herein,contained,the both parties,hereto,agree as follows(,茲特以本約上列各點(diǎn)為約因,雙方達(dá)成協(xié)議如下,),國際商務(wù)合同(,25,),The term“Effective date”means the date on which this agreement is duly executed by the parties,hereto,.(,本協(xié)議中的,“,生效日,”,系指本協(xié)議締約各方簽字之日期。,),國際商務(wù)合同(,27,),thereinbefore(=in a preceding part of the same contract),thereon(=on that),thereof(=of that;from that source,of that matter,concerning that matter),thereunder(=under that),thereupon(=then;as the result of that),,,therewith(with that or it),thereto(=to that),。,there,的這一用法屬于文內(nèi)照應(yīng)。例如:,國際商務(wù)合同(,28,),If the seller should have to pay any unpaid freight which may be due to the carrier,because tender of the documents is unavoidably made after the arrival of the goods,he may recover the amount,thereof,from the buyer.(,如因單據(jù)無可避免地在貨物運(yùn)達(dá)后方可提供以致賣方必須支付未付承運(yùn)人的運(yùn)費(fèi),則賣方可向買方索回這一款項(xiàng)。,),國際商務(wù)合同(,30,),This contract is made by and between the Buyers and the Sellers,whereby,the Buyers agree to buy and the Sellers agree to sell the under-mentioned commodity according to the terms and conditions stipulated below.,(本合同由買賣雙方簽定。根據(jù)本合同以下規(guī)定,買方同意購買、賣方同意銷售以下商品。),國際商務(wù)合同(,31,),In Witness,Whereof,the two parties have executed this agreement in duplicate by their duly authorized representatives.(,作為所達(dá)成協(xié)議事項(xiàng)的證據(jù),雙方授權(quán)代表已正式簽署本協(xié)議。,),國際商務(wù)合同(,32,),The end,