單擊此處編輯母版文本樣式,,第二級(jí),,*,,*,單擊此處編輯母版標(biāo)題樣式,,四級(jí)專(zhuān)項(xiàng)練習(xí),選詞填空,考查形式,一篇,280,詞左右的文章，文章中挖出,10,個(gè)空，并統(tǒng)一給出,A-O 15,個(gè)備選答案。,解題步驟,1,.,預(yù)覽全文，確定主題。,,,在做題之前首先要,預(yù)覽全文,，確定文章的主題，重點(diǎn)閱讀,首段首句,，及,各段的首句,來(lái)確定文章的大致內(nèi)容。主要關(guān)注文章涉及的人物、事件、地方、原因及結(jié)果。關(guān)注那些,反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的詞匯,，可以幫助我們把握文章大致內(nèi)容的重要線(xiàn)索。,解題步驟,2.,分析選項(xiàng)，確定詞性。,,確定文章主題后，分析,15,個(gè)詞，要,標(biāo)出單詞的詞性和詞義,，對(duì)于不熟悉的單詞或不認(rèn)識(shí)的單詞可以只標(biāo)出詞性。,解題步驟,3.,開(kāi)始答題，先易后難。,,,分析完詞性后，根據(jù)文中空前后的單詞或語(yǔ)句,確定所填詞的詞性,，把對(duì)應(yīng)詞性的選項(xiàng)逐一帶到原文，選出詞性、意思、語(yǔ)法都符合要求的最佳選項(xiàng)。此時(shí)還要注意,分析句子的邏輯關(guān)系,。,解題步驟,4.,重讀文章，確定答案。,,,在答題后，還要,重讀文章,，迅速的,復(fù)查,，檢查上下文的,邏輯結(jié)構(gòu),是否正確，,文章的意思,是否出現(xiàn)偏差等。進(jìn)一步來(lái)確定答案。,詞匯特點(diǎn),目前四級(jí)考試只考,實(shí)詞,中的四種：,名詞,n,做主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ),,,動(dòng)詞,v,做謂語(yǔ)，,形容詞,adj,做定語(yǔ)，,副詞,adv,做狀語(yǔ)。不考代詞,pron,和數(shù)詞,num,；也不考虛詞（冠詞,art,,介詞,prep,,連詞,conj,,感嘆詞）；,,,動(dòng)詞歸類(lèi)要細(xì)分為,v,，,ved, ving,。因?yàn)橐粋€(gè)空可以填動(dòng)詞，但填原形還是過(guò)去式還是,ing,形式,,要自己根據(jù)語(yǔ)法判斷。,詞匯特點(diǎn),,15,個(gè)單詞中,4,個(gè)名詞,（,3,個(gè)正確項(xiàng),+1,個(gè)干擾項(xiàng)）、,,4,個(gè)動(dòng)詞,（,3,個(gè)正確項(xiàng),+1,個(gè)干擾項(xiàng)）、,5,個(gè)形容詞,（,3,個(gè)正確項(xiàng),+2,個(gè)干擾項(xiàng)）、,2,個(gè)副詞,（,1,個(gè)正確項(xiàng),+1,個(gè)干擾項(xiàng)）。四級(jí)大部分文章都存在以上特點(diǎn)，但是有時(shí)也不完全一致，僅以此特點(diǎn)作為答題的一個(gè)參考。,,四種實(shí)詞中，考的最少的是副詞,adv,,不超過(guò)兩個(gè)空。剩下的三種平均每次有三道題。通過(guò)研究樣題和真題,,發(fā)現(xiàn)，動(dòng)詞一直是考三個(gè)。另外三種詞性，,,有兩個(gè)的，也有四個(gè)的。,詞性判斷技巧,1.,確定空格為,名詞,（,1,）,a /an/the n. , adj. n. , vt. n. ,,即空格處,前面為冠詞、形容詞或者及物動(dòng)詞的,，空格處應(yīng)填入名詞；（,2,）,n. v.,,即空格處,后面是動(dòng)詞的,，空格處應(yīng)填入該動(dòng)詞的主語(yǔ)（名詞）；（,3,）,prep. n. ,,即空格處,前面是介詞的,，空格處充當(dāng)介詞賓語(yǔ)，用填入一個(gè)名詞或動(dòng)名詞。,2.,確定空格為,動(dòng)詞,（,1,）,n./pron. vt. n./pron.,,即空格處前面已經(jīng)有名詞,/,代詞作,主語(yǔ),，后面又有名詞,/,代詞作為動(dòng)詞的,賓語(yǔ),，空格處應(yīng)為及物動(dòng)詞；（,2,）,n./pron. vi. ,,即空格處,前面是名詞,/,代詞,，后面沒(méi)有賓語(yǔ)，空格處應(yīng)填不及物動(dòng)詞；（,3,）,n./pron. vi. adv./prep.,,即空格處,前面是名詞,/,代詞,，空格處,后面是副詞,/,介詞,，空格處應(yīng)填入不及物動(dòng)詞，與副詞,/,介詞構(gòu)成固定搭配；（,4,）,n./pron. link v./be. adj.,,即空格處,前面是名詞,/,代詞,，,后面是形容詞,，空格處應(yīng)填入,系動(dòng)詞或,be,動(dòng)詞,；（,5,）,to v. ,,即空格處前有,不定式標(biāo)志,to,，空格處應(yīng)填入,動(dòng)詞原形,；另一種情況,to,是介詞,，后面應(yīng)填入,動(dòng)名詞,。,3.,確定空格為,形容詞,（,1,）,adj. n.,或,n. adj. ,,即空格處,前面或者后面為名詞的,，空格處應(yīng)填入形容詞；（,2,）,adv. adj. ,,即空格處,前面是副詞的,，空格處應(yīng)填入形容詞；（,3,）,link/be v. adj. ,,即空格處,前面是系動(dòng)詞或,be,動(dòng)詞的,，空格處應(yīng)填入形容詞作表語(yǔ)。,4.,確定空格為,副詞,（,1,）,adv. v.,或,v. adv. ,,即空格處,前面或者后面為動(dòng)詞的,，空格處應(yīng)填入副詞；（,2,）,adv. adj. ,,即空格處后面是,形容詞的,，空格處應(yīng)填入副詞。,5.,利用邏輯關(guān)系詞,確定答案,在篇章詞匯理解題目中，文章的邏輯關(guān)系對(duì)于把握整篇文章是很重要的，文章的邏輯關(guān)系通過(guò)一些邏輯關(guān)系詞體現(xiàn)的，可以通過(guò)邏輯關(guān)系詞來(lái)確定出一些答案。,常見(jiàn)的邏輯關(guān)系詞匯,,1.,并列：,and, or, as well as,等,,,2.,對(duì)比、轉(zhuǎn)折：,but, however, on the contrary, rather than,等,,,3.,比較：,as ... as, like, similarly,等,,,4.,因果：,because, for, since, as a result of, therefore, thus,等,,,5.,舉例：,for example, for instance, such as, and so on,等,,,6.,遞進(jìn)：,what’s more, moreover, in addition,等,Eg.,,1. He ____ from his teachers, came home in tears and thought about dropping out.,,2. The 1982-83 EI Nino brought the most __________ weather in modern history.,,3. In particular, when older patients ___________ of pain, they were told it was a natural part of aging and they would have to learn to live with it.,,4. In Arizona and Texas, bilingual students__________ outperform their peers in monolingual programs.,hid,destructive,complained,consistently,Eg.,,5. They are presented with a ________of human experiences and come to respect other ways of thought and living,．,,6. The rainfall is increased across South America, ________ floods to Peru.,,7. While enriching their imagination,，,books _______ their outlook,，,develop a fact-finding attitude and train them to use leisure properly,．,,8. That’s why a growing number of hospitals now depend upon physicians who _________ in pain medicine.,diversity,specialize,widen,bringing,常用后綴,常見(jiàn)名詞后綴：,,1,. -ion, -sion, -tion, -ation, -ition,,,表示,",行為的過(guò)程，結(jié)果，狀況,,action, profession,starvation,，,conclusion,，,correction,,2.,-ant,-ent,,表示,"……,者“,merchant, agent, servant,,3.,-ment,,,表示,",行為，狀態(tài)，過(guò)程，手段及其結(jié)果,,,treatment, movement, judgment, punishment,,4,.-ity,，表示,",性質(zhì)，狀態(tài)，程度“,,purity, reality, ability, quality,，,diversity,常見(jiàn)動(dòng)詞后綴：,,1.,-ize, ise,表示“做成，變成，,……,化”,,modernize, democratize, organize,,2.,-fy,表示“使,……,化，使成”,,beautify, purify, intensify, simplify,,3.,-ate,表示“成為,……,，處理，作用”,,separate, operate, indicate,,4.,-en,表示“使成為，引起，使有”,,quicken, weaken, soften, harden,常見(jiàn)形容詞后綴：,,1.,–able,，表示,,“能,……,的”、“適合于,……,的”、具有,……,特點(diǎn)的,,stable,reliable , affordable, comfortable,,2.,-tive,，,-sive,，表示與,……,有關(guān)的”、“具有,……,性質(zhì)的”,,destructive,，,excessive,，,sensitive,，,active,,3.,-ous,，表示“充滿(mǎn),……,的”、“具有,……,特征的”,,unconscious,，,enormous,,4.,–some,，表示“使人,……,的”、“易于,……,的”,,handsome,t roublesome,tiresome,,5,. –ic,，,-ical,表示“,……,似的”、“與,……,有關(guān)的”,,electric,，,arctic, historic,，,physical,political,practical,